Showing posts with label qilakitsoq. Show all posts
Showing posts with label qilakitsoq. Show all posts

Saturday, November 23, 2013

Arctic Journey: Qilakitsoq and Baffin Bay

Wednesday, July 31st. Sunrise: already up. Sunset: never went down. So stated the daily program. We had crossed 70ºN, heading for the archaeological site of Qilakitsoq, famous for the 1972 discovery of the Greenland mummies. It sits on the Nuussuaq Peninsula, the south shore of Uummannaq Fjord.

Soon after the the dining room opened for breakfast the bridge spotted a group of four fin whales.
The camera and binocular brigades were soon out on the bow, the bridge, or the deck atop the bridge.
This was the best photo I took.
The daily program described Qilakitsoq as a wet landing (stepping into water), but after a reconnaissance by zodiac the dry lander was pressed into service. (This photo was taken later while departing).
Joan and I attached ourselves to the small group to be led by Ian Bullock.
This spot was a small cove with grasses and brushy greenery, backed by tall stone walls.
Those who didn't wish to challenge the terrain were treated to zodiac rides.
Hidden in the brush were flowers, including this large-flowered wintergreen.
Ian spotted an arctic fox den and described its contents, including the remains of seabirds.
This location must have offered good hunting, for there were the remains of Inuit winter houses. Also, some of the plants offered a source of vitamin C.
There were several graves, built from piled stones.
Skulls and large bones were easily visible.
While we were exploring this lower ground, other groups were coming and going to the site where the Greenland mummies were discovered, up among the cliffs.
As you can see in the above photo, the climb up is along open, easily traversed stretches of rock, requiring only footgear with good gripping soles. Once you reach the top there is more clambering amongst rocks to reach the actual gravesite.
After one or two final squeezes between boulders, followed by a rock hop, the gravesite where the mummies were discovered is reached. Vincent "Vinnie" Butler, an Irish archaeologist, had joined the Explorer in Kangerlussuaq, and was on hand to assist and explain. He's the one in the red cap.
This is a good view of one of the graves. The gloved figure in the corner is Vinnie.
There were other gravesites along the route.
It was a life of extremes here: extremely dependent upon the sea, extremely cold, extremely unforgiving of weakness, sickness, or accident. But human beings can be extremely tough, too.
We returned to the warmth of the Explorer for lunch, after which we were to visit the town of Uummannaq on Uummannaq Island, a very short sail away in Uummannaq Fjord. We did get close ...
but the wind had been picking up all morning, and the floating docks on the island were heaving; the zodiac ride would have been very rough. We watched through binoculars as we sailed on by.
While prowling among the bulletin boards on the ship I took this photo of a list of terms in Greenlandic (click to enlarge).

That evening at dinner my susceptibility to seasickness began to kick in. At first everything was OK, but the dining room is towards the bow and pitches more than midships. By the end of the meal I was feeling unsettled and decided to skip dessert (a Manjari chocolate torte, sigh!) to return to the cabin, take a seasickness pill, and lie down. By morning everything was better ... both me and the ocean.

August 1st was spent entirely at sea, traversing Baffin Bay headed towards Baffin Island in arctic Canada. We were traveling a bit north of west, so the sun continued to be up twenty-four hours a day. Joan and I spent a lot of time visiting the bridge, of course, but there were also a host of lectures:

  • Plate Tectonics and the Geology of Greenland and Baffin Island
  • Exploration of Extreme Underwater Environments (Captain Fred McLaren)
  • Arctic Wildlife: From Midge to Muskox
  • Arctic Landings Briefing
  • Aboriginal Arctic People: The Amazing Inuit
  • The Polar Explorer: How Melting Sea Ice in the Polar Regions Will Affect Us All

By the time dinner was finished, we were sailing along the coast of Baffin Island, heading towards its northwestern tip.
Tomorrow we would visit Pond Inlet, but for now, we admired the view.







Sunday, October 6, 2013

Arctic Journey: Nuuk

July 26th began overcast and rainy, but fortunately, this did not cancel any landings; the Explorer was still sailing towards Nuuk, population about 16,000 and the capital of Greenland. Several presentations were given before lunchtime.

First, Eyal Aronoff  -- founder of Quest Software (acquired by Dell), co-founder of Fuel Freedom, and autism activist -- gave a talk, Ending Our Oil Addiction, which made the point that humanity won't end its oil fossil addition by regulation or by fiat, by but developing less expensive alternative fuels. It was truly an eye-opener. Then the National Geographic photographers Sisse Brimberg and Cotton Coulson gave a talk (with lots of photos) of their assignments over the years, which was much fun.

After lunch we arrived in Nuuk, with overcast skies and intermittent drizzle.
Not the best day to show off the town, but we did what we could. Possibilities arranged for us were a city tour by bus, shuttles to/from the Greenland National Museum, and kaffemik (a visit involving coffee or tea and Greenlandic cake) with a Nuuk family. Joan and I had time for the city tour and the museum -- "Nunatta Katersugaasivia Allagaateqarfialu" in Greenlandic.

The city tour took us over all the major routes in Nuuk. We drove past or around the space-limited Nuuk airport, the nine-hole golf course, the University of Greenland (est. 1987), Queen Ingrid's Hospital, and through the newest developments in Qinngorput, middle right on this map, where Nuuk plans to expand. Due to the weather and the bus windows, I didn't take any usable photos during this jaunt. 

View Larger Map

Joan and I disembarked at the National Museum, where we spent some time. Although photos were allowed the lighting was barely sufficient, and sometimes insufficient, for my point-and-shoot (or, as I learned on this trip, "aim-and-create") camera. Here is a picture of a typical Greenlandic dwelling interior.
There is no timber in Greenland, but as this sign explains, traditionally the Inuit collected driftwood that originated in Siberia.
The transportation building (kayaks, umiaks, dog sleds) gave me the opportunity for a few photos (click to enlarge).
There is a variety of style and innovation amongst the kayaks.

The area exhibiting dress and costume had wonderful clothing and gear on display, but lacked much explanation of the different pieces. It was fun to look at, but without explanation, we weren't tempted to linger.

Other photographs from the museum:
Interesting artwork with figures that, superficially, look grotesque but perhaps represent different spirits, emotions, or mythical figures.

The most moving part of the museum was the exhibit of the "Greenland (Qilakitsoq) mummies." These mummies were discovered in 1972 and have been dated to 1460. The six women, one boy, and one baby were buried under rocks and essentially freeze-dried in the cold and windy conditions. Their 78 pieces of clothing were also highly preserved. Half of the mummies are here, including the baby, and the others are currently at the Danish National Museum.

The mummies are displayed in a separate, black-walled room, kept in a large climate-controlled case that fills half the space, or so it seems. It is a very touching sight, and it inspired a reflective, somber mood in me. Although I could have, I did not take any photographs here. It seemed inappropriate, too superficial and perhaps "touristy."

We sailed from Nuuk and then, after dinner, landed in a fjord that the expedition staff recalled from the Explorer's previous trip to Greenland; in 2008 they had located the foundations of a Norse longhouse here. At the beginning all we found was an earth-sheltered cattle barn.
Joan is practicing the "Greenland wave." The bugs were out in force this evening, and although they didn't bite, they enjoyed landing on uncovered skin. Take a deep breath and you would get a tiny protein-rich snack, but having just had dinner, I kept waving. This is why south Greenlanders have a reputation for being friendly -- they are waving all the time.

Here is the interior of the barn.

This barn didn't look very Norse, so several of us tromped on through willows and high grass in search of the longhouse, stopping occasionally for photographs.
Joan and I and a couple of others tromped pretty far, but we never found anything. Given the bugs and the lack of directions to the supposed Norse longhouse, folks began drifting back to the cafe/bar of the small holiday resort that had been established here (center of the photo below, click to enlarge). Some of us had never gone further than the bar.
It was finally decided that the longhouse foundation wasn't visible any more, and possibly the barn had been built over it. Possibly. Eventually we all straggled back to the Explorer, which resumed its northward course. We're almost back to the Arctic Circle.